Mercurial > genshi > genshi-test
annotate genshi/builder.py @ 902:09cc3627654c experimental-inline
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| author | cmlenz |
|---|---|
| date | Fri, 23 Apr 2010 21:08:26 +0000 |
| parents | 1837f39efd6f |
| children |
| rev | line source |
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| 1 | 1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- |
| 2 # | |
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3 # Copyright (C) 2006-2009 Edgewall Software |
| 1 | 4 # All rights reserved. |
| 5 # | |
| 6 # This software is licensed as described in the file COPYING, which | |
| 7 # you should have received as part of this distribution. The terms | |
| 230 | 8 # are also available at http://genshi.edgewall.org/wiki/License. |
| 1 | 9 # |
| 10 # This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many | |
| 11 # individuals. For the exact contribution history, see the revision | |
| 230 | 12 # history and logs, available at http://genshi.edgewall.org/log/. |
| 1 | 13 |
| 500 | 14 """Support for programmatically generating markup streams from Python code using |
| 15 a very simple syntax. The main entry point to this module is the `tag` object | |
| 16 (which is actually an instance of the ``ElementFactory`` class). You should | |
| 17 rarely (if ever) need to directly import and use any of the other classes in | |
| 18 this module. | |
| 19 | |
| 20 Elements can be created using the `tag` object using attribute access. For | |
| 21 example: | |
| 22 | |
| 23 >>> doc = tag.p('Some text and ', tag.a('a link', href='http://example.org/'), '.') | |
| 24 >>> doc | |
| 25 <Element "p"> | |
| 26 | |
| 27 This produces an `Element` instance which can be further modified to add child | |
| 28 nodes and attributes. This is done by "calling" the element: positional | |
| 29 arguments are added as child nodes (alternatively, the `Element.append` method | |
| 30 can be used for that purpose), whereas keywords arguments are added as | |
| 31 attributes: | |
| 32 | |
| 33 >>> doc(tag.br) | |
| 34 <Element "p"> | |
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35 >>> print(doc) |
| 500 | 36 <p>Some text and <a href="http://example.org/">a link</a>.<br/></p> |
| 37 | |
| 38 If an attribute name collides with a Python keyword, simply append an underscore | |
| 39 to the name: | |
| 40 | |
| 41 >>> doc(class_='intro') | |
| 42 <Element "p"> | |
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43 >>> print(doc) |
| 500 | 44 <p class="intro">Some text and <a href="http://example.org/">a link</a>.<br/></p> |
| 45 | |
| 46 As shown above, an `Element` can easily be directly rendered to XML text by | |
| 47 printing it or using the Python ``str()`` function. This is basically a | |
| 48 shortcut for converting the `Element` to a stream and serializing that | |
| 49 stream: | |
| 50 | |
| 51 >>> stream = doc.generate() | |
| 52 >>> stream #doctest: +ELLIPSIS | |
| 53 <genshi.core.Stream object at ...> | |
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54 >>> print(stream) |
| 500 | 55 <p class="intro">Some text and <a href="http://example.org/">a link</a>.<br/></p> |
| 56 | |
| 57 | |
| 58 The `tag` object also allows creating "fragments", which are basically lists | |
| 59 of nodes (elements or text) that don't have a parent element. This can be useful | |
| 60 for creating snippets of markup that are attached to a parent element later (for | |
| 61 example in a template). Fragments are created by calling the `tag` object, which | |
| 62 returns an object of type `Fragment`: | |
| 63 | |
| 64 >>> fragment = tag('Hello, ', tag.em('world'), '!') | |
| 65 >>> fragment | |
| 66 <Fragment> | |
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67 >>> print(fragment) |
| 500 | 68 Hello, <em>world</em>! |
| 69 """ | |
| 70 | |
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71 from genshi.core import Attrs, Markup, Namespace, QName, Stream, \ |
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72 START, END, TEXT |
| 1 | 73 |
| 500 | 74 __all__ = ['Fragment', 'Element', 'ElementFactory', 'tag'] |
| 75 __docformat__ = 'restructuredtext en' | |
| 1 | 76 |
| 77 | |
| 78 class Fragment(object): | |
| 28 | 79 """Represents a markup fragment, which is basically just a list of element |
| 80 or text nodes. | |
| 81 """ | |
| 1 | 82 __slots__ = ['children'] |
| 83 | |
| 84 def __init__(self): | |
| 500 | 85 """Create a new fragment.""" |
| 1 | 86 self.children = [] |
| 87 | |
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88 def __add__(self, other): |
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89 return Fragment()(self, other) |
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90 |
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91 def __call__(self, *args): |
| 500 | 92 """Append any positional arguments as child nodes. |
| 93 | |
| 94 :see: `append` | |
| 95 """ | |
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96 for arg in args: |
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97 self.append(arg) |
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98 return self |
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99 |
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100 def __iter__(self): |
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101 return self._generate() |
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102 |
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103 def __repr__(self): |
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104 return '<%s>' % type(self).__name__ |
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105 |
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106 def __str__(self): |
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107 return str(self.generate()) |
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108 |
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109 def __unicode__(self): |
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110 return unicode(self.generate()) |
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111 |
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112 def __html__(self): |
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113 return Markup(self.generate()) |
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114 |
| 1 | 115 def append(self, node): |
| 500 | 116 """Append an element or string as child node. |
| 117 | |
| 118 :param node: the node to append; can be an `Element`, `Fragment`, or a | |
| 119 `Stream`, or a Python string or number | |
| 120 """ | |
| 395 | 121 if isinstance(node, (Stream, Element, basestring, int, float, long)): |
| 1 | 122 # For objects of a known/primitive type, we avoid the check for |
| 123 # whether it is iterable for better performance | |
| 124 self.children.append(node) | |
| 125 elif isinstance(node, Fragment): | |
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126 self.children.extend(node.children) |
| 1 | 127 elif node is not None: |
| 128 try: | |
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129 for child in node: |
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130 self.append(child) |
| 1 | 131 except TypeError: |
| 132 self.children.append(node) | |
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133 |
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134 def _generate(self): |
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135 for child in self.children: |
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136 if isinstance(child, Fragment): |
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137 for event in child._generate(): |
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138 yield event |
| 395 | 139 elif isinstance(child, Stream): |
| 140 for event in child: | |
| 141 yield event | |
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142 else: |
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143 if not isinstance(child, basestring): |
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144 child = unicode(child) |
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145 yield TEXT, child, (None, -1, -1) |
| 1 | 146 |
| 147 def generate(self): | |
| 500 | 148 """Return a markup event stream for the fragment. |
| 149 | |
| 150 :rtype: `Stream` | |
| 151 """ | |
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152 return Stream(self._generate()) |
| 1 | 153 |
| 154 | |
| 347 | 155 def _kwargs_to_attrs(kwargs): |
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156 attrs = [] |
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157 names = set() |
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158 for name, value in kwargs.items(): |
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159 name = name.rstrip('_').replace('_', '-') |
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160 if value is not None and name not in names: |
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161 attrs.append((QName(name), unicode(value))) |
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162 names.add(name) |
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163 return Attrs(attrs) |
| 347 | 164 |
| 165 | |
| 1 | 166 class Element(Fragment): |
| 167 """Simple XML output generator based on the builder pattern. | |
| 168 | |
| 169 Construct XML elements by passing the tag name to the constructor: | |
| 170 | |
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171 >>> print(Element('strong')) |
| 1 | 172 <strong/> |
| 173 | |
| 174 Attributes can be specified using keyword arguments. The values of the | |
| 175 arguments will be converted to strings and any special XML characters | |
| 176 escaped: | |
| 177 | |
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178 >>> print(Element('textarea', rows=10, cols=60)) |
| 1 | 179 <textarea rows="10" cols="60"/> |
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180 >>> print(Element('span', title='1 < 2')) |
| 1 | 181 <span title="1 < 2"/> |
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182 >>> print(Element('span', title='"baz"')) |
| 1 | 183 <span title=""baz""/> |
| 184 | |
| 185 The " character is escaped using a numerical entity. | |
| 186 The order in which attributes are rendered is undefined. | |
| 187 | |
| 188 If an attribute value evaluates to `None`, that attribute is not included | |
| 189 in the output: | |
| 190 | |
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191 >>> print(Element('a', name=None)) |
| 1 | 192 <a/> |
| 193 | |
| 194 Attribute names that conflict with Python keywords can be specified by | |
| 195 appending an underscore: | |
| 196 | |
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197 >>> print(Element('div', class_='warning')) |
| 1 | 198 <div class="warning"/> |
| 199 | |
| 200 Nested elements can be added to an element using item access notation. | |
| 201 The call notation can also be used for this and for adding attributes | |
| 202 using keyword arguments, as one would do in the constructor. | |
| 203 | |
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204 >>> print(Element('ul')(Element('li'), Element('li'))) |
| 1 | 205 <ul><li/><li/></ul> |
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206 >>> print(Element('a')('Label')) |
| 1 | 207 <a>Label</a> |
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208 >>> print(Element('a')('Label', href="target")) |
| 1 | 209 <a href="target">Label</a> |
| 210 | |
| 211 Text nodes can be nested in an element by adding strings instead of | |
| 212 elements. Any special characters in the strings are escaped automatically: | |
| 213 | |
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214 >>> print(Element('em')('Hello world')) |
| 1 | 215 <em>Hello world</em> |
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216 >>> print(Element('em')(42)) |
| 1 | 217 <em>42</em> |
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218 >>> print(Element('em')('1 < 2')) |
| 1 | 219 <em>1 < 2</em> |
| 220 | |
| 221 This technique also allows mixed content: | |
| 222 | |
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223 >>> print(Element('p')('Hello ', Element('b')('world'))) |
| 1 | 224 <p>Hello <b>world</b></p> |
| 225 | |
| 34 | 226 Quotes are not escaped inside text nodes: |
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227 >>> print(Element('p')('"Hello"')) |
| 34 | 228 <p>"Hello"</p> |
| 229 | |
| 1 | 230 Elements can also be combined with other elements or strings using the |
| 231 addition operator, which results in a `Fragment` object that contains the | |
| 232 operands: | |
| 233 | |
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234 >>> print(Element('br') + 'some text' + Element('br')) |
| 1 | 235 <br/>some text<br/> |
| 236 | |
| 237 Elements with a namespace can be generated using the `Namespace` and/or | |
| 238 `QName` classes: | |
| 239 | |
| 230 | 240 >>> from genshi.core import Namespace |
| 1 | 241 >>> xhtml = Namespace('http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml') |
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242 >>> print(Element(xhtml.html, lang='en')) |
| 500 | 243 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en"/> |
| 1 | 244 """ |
| 245 __slots__ = ['tag', 'attrib'] | |
| 246 | |
| 247 def __init__(self, tag_, **attrib): | |
| 248 Fragment.__init__(self) | |
| 249 self.tag = QName(tag_) | |
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250 self.attrib = _kwargs_to_attrs(attrib) |
| 1 | 251 |
| 252 def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs): | |
| 500 | 253 """Append any positional arguments as child nodes, and keyword arguments |
| 254 as attributes. | |
| 255 | |
| 256 :return: the element itself so that calls can be chained | |
| 257 :rtype: `Element` | |
| 258 :see: `Fragment.append` | |
| 259 """ | |
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260 self.attrib |= _kwargs_to_attrs(kwargs) |
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261 Fragment.__call__(self, *args) |
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262 return self |
| 1 | 263 |
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264 def __repr__(self): |
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265 return '<%s "%s">' % (type(self).__name__, self.tag) |
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266 |
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267 def _generate(self): |
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268 yield START, (self.tag, self.attrib), (None, -1, -1) |
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269 for kind, data, pos in Fragment._generate(self): |
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270 yield kind, data, pos |
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271 yield END, self.tag, (None, -1, -1) |
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272 |
| 1 | 273 def generate(self): |
| 500 | 274 """Return a markup event stream for the fragment. |
| 275 | |
| 276 :rtype: `Stream` | |
| 277 """ | |
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278 return Stream(self._generate()) |
| 1 | 279 |
| 280 | |
| 281 class ElementFactory(object): | |
| 28 | 282 """Factory for `Element` objects. |
| 283 | |
| 284 A new element is created simply by accessing a correspondingly named | |
| 285 attribute of the factory object: | |
| 286 | |
| 287 >>> factory = ElementFactory() | |
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288 >>> print(factory.foo) |
| 28 | 289 <foo/> |
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290 >>> print(factory.foo(id=2)) |
| 28 | 291 <foo id="2"/> |
| 292 | |
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293 Markup fragments (lists of nodes without a parent element) can be created |
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294 by calling the factory: |
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295 |
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296 >>> print(factory('Hello, ', factory.em('world'), '!')) |
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297 Hello, <em>world</em>! |
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298 |
| 28 | 299 A factory can also be bound to a specific namespace: |
| 300 | |
| 301 >>> factory = ElementFactory('http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml') | |
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302 >>> print(factory.html(lang="en")) |
| 500 | 303 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en"/> |
| 28 | 304 |
| 305 The namespace for a specific element can be altered on an existing factory | |
| 306 by specifying the new namespace using item access: | |
| 307 | |
| 308 >>> factory = ElementFactory() | |
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309 >>> print(factory.html(factory['http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'].g(id=3))) |
| 500 | 310 <html><g xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" id="3"/></html> |
| 28 | 311 |
| 312 Usually, the `ElementFactory` class is not be used directly. Rather, the | |
| 313 `tag` instance should be used to create elements. | |
| 314 """ | |
| 1 | 315 |
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316 def __init__(self, namespace=None): |
| 28 | 317 """Create the factory, optionally bound to the given namespace. |
| 318 | |
| 500 | 319 :param namespace: the namespace URI for any created elements, or `None` |
| 320 for no namespace | |
| 28 | 321 """ |
| 20 | 322 if namespace and not isinstance(namespace, Namespace): |
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323 namespace = Namespace(namespace) |
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324 self.namespace = namespace |
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325 |
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326 def __call__(self, *args): |
| 500 | 327 """Create a fragment that has the given positional arguments as child |
| 328 nodes. | |
| 329 | |
| 330 :return: the created `Fragment` | |
| 331 :rtype: `Fragment` | |
| 332 """ | |
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333 return Fragment()(*args) |
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334 |
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335 def __getitem__(self, namespace): |
| 500 | 336 """Return a new factory that is bound to the specified namespace. |
| 337 | |
| 338 :param namespace: the namespace URI or `Namespace` object | |
| 339 :return: an `ElementFactory` that produces elements bound to the given | |
| 340 namespace | |
| 341 :rtype: `ElementFactory` | |
| 342 """ | |
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343 return ElementFactory(namespace) |
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344 |
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345 def __getattr__(self, name): |
| 500 | 346 """Create an `Element` with the given name. |
| 347 | |
| 348 :param name: the tag name of the element to create | |
| 349 :return: an `Element` with the specified name | |
| 350 :rtype: `Element` | |
| 351 """ | |
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352 return Element(self.namespace and self.namespace[name] or name) |
| 1 | 353 |
| 354 | |
| 355 tag = ElementFactory() | |
| 500 | 356 """Global `ElementFactory` bound to the default namespace. |
| 357 | |
| 358 :type: `ElementFactory` | |
| 359 """ |